The Geospatial Stack covers various technologies from backend to frontend. The following list of the systems below is not a definitive guide hence the developer requires research about other technologies and framworks.
Full geospatial systems, tend to be specialized applications. From a content or data management system to a drone processing application. It needs to be considered that in order to extend these type of systems a deeper understanding of the components like backend and frontend are needed.
Frontend frameworks are responsible for displaying and visualizing spatial information. Some frontend frameworks contain geospatial processing functions that allow for client side computing. Note that while client side processing is possible using these frameworks, they still need to download the dataset.
Backend technologies cover databases, compute, and other frameworks. Database technologies whether SQL or NoSQL have some support to geospatial data management, processing and queries like Elasticsearch, MariaDB and MongoDB but not all operations are supported like storing of rasters. I have identified some areas and technologies that can be used to build the backend components of a geospatial application.
Data Management and Data Serving
API Development
Compute
Overall the technologies above are the general components in developing a web-based geospatial application. These technologies can be extended to desktop, mobile or even machine learning systems.
